[128], African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans, and formerly as American Negroes) are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa. [140] By 1804, the northern states (north of the Mason–Dixon line) had abolished slavery. There are five minority-majority states: California, Texas, New Mexico, Nevada, and Hawaii. He is depicted as a stern elderly white man with white hair and a goatee beard, and dressed in clothing that recalls the design elements of the flag of the United States – for example, typically a top hat with red and white stripes and white stars on a blue band, and red and white striped trousers. [103] As of December 2015, the sampling strata for the new MENA category includes the Census Bureau's working classification of 19 MENA groups, as well as Turkish, Sudanese, Djiboutian, Somali, Mauritanian, Armenian, Cypriot, Afghan, Azerbaijani and Georgian groups. [147], Another significant population is the Asian American population, comprising 17.3 million in 2010, or 5.6% of the U.S. Thompson, William, and Joseph Hickey (2005). [188] They can be any combination of races (White, Black or African American, Asian, American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, "some other race") and ethnicities. [132], Most African Americans are the direct descendants of captives from West Africa, who survived the slavery era within the boundaries of the present United States. H�DTA��0���@�gt���{��/�p����ZAƀ�I��e�{HV�h�8o�����T�歲~��z�m� >C [188] Barack Obama, 44th President of the United States, is biracial with his mother being of English and Irish descent and his father being of Kenyan birth;[190][191] however, Obama only self-identifies as being African American.[192][193]. 4 Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan and Turkey span the conventional boundary between Europe and Asia. [169] These Paleoamericans spread throughout the two continents and evolved into hundreds of distinct cultures during the pre-Columbian era. [204] Many faiths have flourished in the United States, including both later imports spanning the country's multicultural immigrant heritage, as well as those founded within the country; these have led the United States to become the most religiously diverse country in the world. [184] Previously called Asian Pacific American, along with Asian Americans beginning in 1976, this was changed in 1997. population. The First Amendment to the country's Constitution prevents the Federal government from making any "law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof". The Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception in Washington, D.C. is the largest Catholic church in the United States. [172] From the 16th through the 19th centuries, the population of Native Americans declined in the following ways: epidemic diseases brought from Europe;[173] genocide and warfare at the hands of European explorers, settlers and colonists,[174][175] as well as between tribes;[176][177] displacement from their lands;[178] internal warfare,[179] enslavement;[180] and intermarriage. To me, being an American citizen is being free. [100] Following consultations with MENA organizations, the Census Bureau announced in 2014 that it would establish a new MENA ethnic category for populations from the Middle East, North Africa and the Arab world, separate from the "white" classification that these populations had previously sought in 1909. ;����o�{w���/W��p�o!�v�L�m'/g�eG;�Λ��'@j���o+���i�q�1�����j�������^��aݞ62���� c��� They form the second largest group after non-Hispanic Whites in the United States, comprising 16.3% of the population according to the 2010 United States Census.
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