Although the Byzantine Empire is now gone, its spirit and language is never truly lost. Its capital Constantiple was founded by the Roman emperor Constantine the Great in 324 AD. Pope Urban II called for a Crusade against the Muslims so, in 1095, armies of soldiers from Western Europe called Latins or Franks by the Byzantines, marched east in what became known as the First Crusade. Prior to 1204, the Byzantine currency was used widely and enjoyed monopoly status but by the early 13th century, other national coins from Bulgaria, Venetian coins, and Serbia began entering Byzantine’s monetary circulation. After the Battle of Manzikert in 1071, the Byzantine Empire’s military was in a terrible state. InfoBarrel is a writing platform for non-fiction, reference-based, informative content. The westerners took Jerusalem in 1099, and by now, the Byzantines viewed them as a threat comparable to the Muslims. There was never a single reason as to why the Byzantine Empire fell. It's tempting to call the fall of the Byzantine Empire, well, byzantine, and then call it a day because life's too short for excessive complexity. Also, emperor Nikephoras II Phokas also gave more emphasis on the permanent armies (Tagmata) and so part time soldiers under the theme system began to decline. But animosity brewed between the Christian factions. Why? Mehmed surrounded Constantinople from land and sea while employing cannon to maintain a constant barrage of the city’s formidable walls. The state controlled both the internal and international trades, and its issuing of coinage. The theme system gave power to local generals by combining civil and military duties into one. It wasn’t all bad news for the Byzantines. The angry Venetians wanted vengeance while the Crusaders only wanted money.
It had stronger defenses and was less geographically exposed. Whereas barbarians bombarded the Western Roman Empire during the Gothic Wars, Rome's eastern counterpart was a much tougher target, according to History.It had stronger defenses and was less geographically exposed. So what ultimately slayed the beast in the East?
By early 1453, all that was left of the Empire was its capital city and a few semi-independent states. A large empire that began as a Turkish sultanate centered on modern Turkey; founded in the late 13th century, it lasted until the end of World War I.
There were many reasons for the fall of Rome, but it was partly a victim of its own success. With a total of 7,000 of Byzantine soldiers whom 2,000 were foreigners against a force of 50,000 to 80,000, it is impressive of how the city lasted as long as it did. But the city of Rome continued to exist. It grew too large to govern easily, so the emperor split it in two. The Crusaders met Alexios IV Angelos, a Byzantine prince, and son of recently deposed Emperor Isaac II Angelos. By the time hell broke loose between Christians and Muslims in 1096, Rome had been resurrected as the Holy Roman Empire, which teamed with the Byzantines. Some 60,000 Latins were living in Constantinople by 1180, and they put local merchants out of business. The war in 1321 was a war between Emperor Andronikos I and his grandson Andronikos III. The Byzantine Empire, Rome’s empire in the east, lasted over twice as long as its more famed Western counterpart but relatively little is known about it. Before the war finally concluded in 1328, it had already exhausted the economy and consequently, the value of money dropped. The Crusaders took Constantinople, but Alexios IV was unable to keep his promise as the fleeing former emperor took at least 1,000 pounds of gold and countless jewels. Resented by the Byzantines by conflict, the Latins had an unsteady grip on power and were overthrown in 1261. From 1204 onwards, the state had also begun losing influence of its coinage. The civil war in 1341 was a war that pitted the Byzantine classes against itself. When Andronikos III passed away, four camps came to the forefront for emperorship: John VI Kantakouzenos (Andronikos III’s chief minister), Empress-Dowager Anna of Savoy, Patriarch of Constantinople John XIV Kalekas, and Alexios Apokaukos. The Encyclopedia Britannica adds that the Westerners blamed the Byzantines for the failure of the Third Crusade. Increasingly at the mercy of the Ottoman Turks, they lost ground and sovereignty to the Muslims. Although these men were supposed to help the Byzantines, they also hoped to win back Jerusalem. In following that thought, the entire Roman Empire lasted for almost 1500 years.
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